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The Middle Ages: A Very Short Introduction (Very Short Introductions), by Miri Rubin
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The Middle Ages is a term coined around 1450 to describe a thousand years of European History. In this Very Short Introduction, Miri Rubin provides an exploration of the variety, change, dynamism, and sheer complexity that the period covers. From the provinces of the Roman Empire, which became Barbarian kingdoms after c.450-650, to the northern and eastern regions that became increasingly integrated into Europe, Rubin explores the emergence of a truly global system of communication, conquest, and trade by the end of the era.
Presenting an insight into the challenges of life in Europe between 500-1500 -- at all levels of society -- Rubin looks at kingship and family, agriculture and trade, groups and individuals. Conveying the variety of European experiences, while providing a sense of the communication, cooperation, and shared values of the pervasive Christian culture, Rubin looks at the legacies they left behind.
ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
- Sales Rank: #338817 in Books
- Published on: 2014-12-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 4.40" h x .40" w x 6.70" l, .31 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 144 pages
About the Author
Miri Rubin is Professor of Medieval History at Queen Mary University of London and Head of the School of History. She was educated at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the University of Cambridge. She has taught at the Universities of Cambridge and Oxford, and has held visiting positions in Paris, Princeton, and New York. Her research has explored areas of the religious cultures of medieval Europe, and has been influenced by an interdisciplinary approach which had benefited from the use of textual, visual and musical sources. She enjoys writing for diverse audiences and discussing history wherever engaged interest arises.
Most helpful customer reviews
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Worthwhile
By fitzalling
I think that I have a good grasp of European history for the last 200 years or so. With Charlie Hebdo, struggles with the Euro and other stresses in Europe, I thought that it would be useful for me to get a better grasp on Europe than what I think that I have. Thus, Professor Rubin's Introduction commended itself. I believe that it delivered the information that I sought. The following is a brief overview.
In chapter 1, the professor considers the concept of the "Middle Ages" and concludes that the term fails to adequately recognize the social, cultural and political dimensions of the period from the 6th to the 15-16th centuries. These were not dark or benighted ages. Rome, after 476, may have no longer been ruled by Romans, but Roman culture and law continued deeply to influence Europe and the Mediterranean area. Professor Rubin explores this continuing legal, social and cultural presence. Her strokes are informative, but broad, so do not expect a comprehensive examination of a 1000 years of political history.
Chapter 2 looks at lifestyles during these times. Whether one was free, slave, or serf and gender roles obviously affected daily life. Individuals largely lived within families and families were units of work that provided for the necessities of life. Primogeniture and education of women are described. Cities grew during this time which affected the types of social opportunities available to the populace.
Chapter 3 deals with the growth of Christianity and it's effect on European society. This effect occurred both through the Catholic church and it's impact on kings, queens, and the nobility in the political sphere. The growth of monasticism, the church's assumption of political roles, the political response to an activist church, and the cultural effect of Christianity are addressed. By 1000 Europe began to be more integrated through the interplay of church and state.
Chapter 4 looks at kingship, lordship and government. The Germanic peoples sought leaders possessed of charismatic martial lordship. Chivalry as a code of conduct found expression during this time. Beneficism, the troubling concept that men who held office were entitled to tax revenues, grew in acceptance.
Chapter 5 examines exchange, environments and resources. The 7th and 8th centuries saw the heavy plow introduced. Food production increased and population increased as well. The use of coinage became more prevalent. The Black Death caused a collapse in the demand for food. As always, economic conditions deeply influenced social organization.
Chapter 6 looks at "others" in this period. The relation between Christians and Jews was complex. Jews sometimes found acceptance and even reward, but sometimes were persecuted. Christians and non-Christians warred with each other. The Muslim invasion of Europe and the later Christian crusades in the Middle East are examples.
Chapter 7 admires the growth of education during the "Middle Ages". The University of Paris became so popular that the English King Henry II banned English students from studying there in 1167, and Oxford University became the the beneficiary. Books and songs also enriched life.
There is much more on which I have not touched. Professor Rubin left me with the strong impression that the Middle Ages were not a retrograde period and that any concept that these ages were dark should be dispelled. I recommend the book for a brief, but wide-ranging, look at this period in Europe. Consequently, 5 stars.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Brisk summation of a thousand years
By John L Murphy
Very straightforward. In 120 pp. of text, this London-based medieval historian applies her knowledge to chapter 1's overview of a time in the "middle" according to the Renaissance humanists, but of course continuing from the Roman times into that early modern period with less disruption and more continuity than supposed. Rubin stresses the more seamless and less dramatic divisions that permeated a long medieval period, in some areas ending as early as the 1300s and in others going as far as into the 1800s.
Chapter 2, "People and their life-styles" covers such issues as what colorful clothing men, women, and children wore respectively in Norse Greenland, and then on the next page, shows how the medieval notions of the humours effected what people were expected to do and how they were assumed to act on their nature. She often, as her sources show, draws on very specialized monographs for her examples. These may not be that accessible to general readers, but she does provide recent studies by scholars of each topic. While literature and popular culture may not earn as much attention, and while philosophy and theology are submerged, this remains a quick primer.
"The big idea: Christian salvation" comes next, and unsurprisingly Rubin shows how this filtered into all walks of life. The illustrations of sculpture and art are well chosen to enliven the impact of Christian piety upon the masses. Similarly, "Kingship, lordship, and government" treats this subject briskly, if in less space. I found the religious element more stimulating, by contrast. The effects of belief and popular piety gain verve, while the theories of how rulers dominate felt more stolid.
"Exchange, environments, and resources" looks at the environmental impacts. The use of the forest (as she tells, from the Latin for "outside,") is deployed here to show woodland management. Rubin reminds readers how rather than untamed wilderness, the woodlands were often a locale of careful attention and frequent visits by many people from different ranks and for diverse reasons.
"The 'Middle Ages' of 'others" treats not only Muslims and pagans in passing, but the persecuted Jews. Their precarious position, as they found themselves dependent on rulers, was difficult. Often they had to convert and even then, as in Spain, they remained under suspicion. Maneuvered into go-betweens for finance and trade, they were often pawns of unscrupulous Christian regimes.
Finally, "The 'Middle Ages' in our daily lives" suggests in universities, especially, ties to our own times. As Rubin says, the Middle Ages can be manipulated for unions and radical reform, or for conservative and traditional lifestyles. Its thousand years, here summed up rapidly by necessity, suggest a period as complicated and free of stereotype as any other for our European ancestors.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
A fun series to broaden the mind
By CO book lover!
Like all "Very Short Introductions" this is a bit dry, but a great over-view nonetheless of a new subject you may want to learn about. Recommended to try out before you get bigger books on any given new subject! Best for 14+
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